[考博英語]北大往年考博英語試題出題規律_考博_旭晨教育

北京大學 考博英語 的詞匯題部分共20道題，每道題1分，共20分。要求考生從所給的四個選項中選出可用在句中的最恰當詞或詞組，這部分主要測試考生掌握的詞匯量，是否具備根據上下文對詞和詞組意義進行判斷的能力以及對語法的應用能力。

詞匯單選選擇題主要分四大類型：一詞多義，一個詞既有核心意義，也有引申意義，例如economy，它的最常見義項是經濟，但是它還有另外一個義項，節約、有效利用資源的意思。第二類是近義詞辨析，例如 continuously 和 continually，兩者都表示連接地，不斷地，但兩者的區別是前者表示再三、反復發生，后者強調連續地，不停歇地。辨析近義詞不僅要牢固的掌握單詞的意思，還需要熟讀例句。第三類是近義詞，考察的是考生對形近單詞的分辨能力，如：adopt, adapt兩個單詞之間只相差一個字母，但意思卻差別很大，adopt有采用方案，計劃和收養孩子的意思。而adapt有適應環境，生活，改變劇本，文學作品等意思。第四類是詞語搭配，如：take up, take off, take on, take over.分別是占據，起飛，承擔工作，接管的意思。

從北京大學 考博英語詞匯 題整體來看，考查的重點都放在了詞匯量、詞義辨析、詞組搭配、語法知識等的運用方面。北京大學考博英語詞匯部分的幾種主要出題手段和實例分析：

北京大學考博英語詞匯題的重點：

介詞或詞組的搭配

語法題

語法題包括對基本語法的掌握，如定語從句、虛擬語氣的運用還需要掌握固定詞組的搭配

例2010. Question 11. Only when faced with overwhelming evidence of being treated differently than the men who surrounded me , briefly, with the notion that I was different in gender-related ways from my male colleagues.

[A] that I dealt [B] I dealt [C] then I dealt [D] did I deal

北京大學考博英語詞匯題的難點：

辨析題

辨析題又分為同義詞辨析，同形詞辨析、詞形變化辨析和詞組辨析

A、同義詞辨析題

例2010 Question 20. The structure of the global economy that developing nations put all their efforts into raising cash- usually by exporting whatever virgin resources the industrial world might desire.

[A] dictates [B] regulates [C] allows [D] appeals

這類題的難度適中，要求考生能夠分辨考題中出現的同義詞的詞義的區別。

B、同形詞辨析題

例2010. Question 26. The manuscripts are still able to tell a lot about the author who charmed the world with his works several hundred years ago.

[A] extended [B] intent [C] extant [D] distant

C、詞組辨析題

例2010. Question. 18. In time, the woman was persuaded to try this new form of discipline and to a failure to go to time out by the withdrawal of some privilege,

[A] back off [B] back up [C] back down [D] back with

D、詞形變化辨析題

例2010. Question. 22. Some readers, especially children, find his works among the most books they have ever read.

[A] captivating [B] captivated [C] capturable [D] captious

這類題要求考生對詞形變化和詞性有所把握。對詞形變化后的不同含義有所區分。常考的有like/likely，other/another, many/much, unlike/unlikely, likely/alike/likewise,

例：2009 Question 22. Long-term exposure to mass media portrayals of violence might make the audience insensitive or ______to real acts of violence.

[A] emotionally neutral [B] neutrally emotional

[C] emotionally mutual [D] mutually emotional

考生容易陷入的誤區：很多考生知道詞匯的重要性，它貫穿于整套試題，但是對于詞匯的記憶很頭疼，有的考生看到詞匯辨析題便會選擇直接放棄而更加去注重語法的學習，其實像北京大學的詞匯語法題中并沒有牽涉太多的語法，所以應該更加注重詞匯的運用而不是盲目跟風。

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